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franzae

Annotated Checklist of
the New World
Lucanidae

(Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea)

VERSION 2.0 uploaded
24 November, 2008

M.J. Paulsen
Pycnosiphorus franzae Weinreich
Photo by M.J. Paulsen.


The stag beetle family Lucanidae includes four subfamilies, 109 genera and around 800 species worldwide (Kracjik 2001). In the New World there are 38 genera and 196 species with representatives of each of the four subfamilies. Most New World taxa are Neotropical; in the Nearctic region there are only 25 species in eight genera.

Traditionally, the family has been characterized as moderate to large (8-60 mm), hornless beetles possessing enlarged male mandibles and elbowed, clubbed antennae. The antennae are often stated to have an elongate first segment, and club segments that cannot be closed tightly together (White 1983; Lawrence and Britton 1991; Triplehorn and Johnson 2005).

However, there are taxa that resist all attempts to neatly characterize the family. In some species, the mandibles of the male and female are of similar size and are indistinguishable. Only one subfamily (Lucaninae) possesses antennae that are elbowed. In some aesalines, the first antennal segment is not elongated, and the antennal club segments can be closed (if loosely), prompting some authors to treat them as members of the Trogidae (Scarabaeoidea e.g., Kikuta 1986). Still other aesalines have barely asymmetrical clubs. Additionally, males of the genus Sinodendron (Syndesinae) possess both a clypeal horn and a horn-like pronotal tubercle.

Exceptions aside, almost all stag beetles possess 10-segmented antennae, with the distal 3-7 segments elongated asymmetrically into a serrate, lamellate, or flabellate club that cannot be closed tightly as in many other scarabaeoids. Despite the difficulty in characterizing them, many stag beetles are immediately recognizable and are frequently collected. Their popularity with collectors has probably led to an excess of generic, specific, and subspecific names. Yet, little comprehensive taxonomic work has been conducted on the family, and revisions and keys are needed for most genera. Currently, the only available method for identifying many species is a richly illustrated picture book (Mizunuma and Nagai 2001).

The higher-level classification of the family is in need of rigorous study. The number of recognized subfamilies has varied greatly (Didier and Séguy 195; Benesh 1960; Howden and Lawrence 1974). Subfamilial placement in this checklist follows the work of Holloway (1960, 1968, 1969, 1997, 1998). The classification of the family at the tribal level is currently superfluous, as at one time or another most lucanid genera have been afforded tribal status seemingly without justification. A meaningful classification of the Lucanidae at the tribal level cannot be created until all genera are properly diagnosed, and morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the higher-level lucanid relationships are conducted.

For utility and completeness, known errors in use of authorship, spelling, homonymy, and synonymy are being continued in this list because the appropriate corrections have not yet been published. Select a genus in the table below, or scroll down to view the entire checklist.

 

AESALINAE
  
SYNDESINAE
  
LAMPRIMINAE

LUCANINAE
Aegognathus   Cantharolethrus          
Altitatiayus Casignetus
Andinolucanus   Charagmophorus   Lucanus  
Apterodorcus Chiasognathus
Auxicerus Chileistomus
Brasilucanus Dorcus
Caenolethrus Incadorcus
 

New World Lucanidae

AESALINAE, MacLeay 1819: 102
  Aesalus Fabricius, 1801: 254  
    Aesalus neotropicalis Bates, 1886: 2 Guatemala
    Aesalus smithi Bates, 1889: 382 Mexico
    Aesalus trogoides Albers, 1883: 228 Mexico
       
  Hilophyllus Paulsen & Mondaca, 2006: 6  
    Hilophyllus argentinensis (Martínez, 1981: 13) (Ceratognathus) Argentina, Chile
    Hilophyllus martinezi Paulsen & Mondaca, 2006: 16 Chile
    Hilophyllus penai (Martínez, 1976: 101) (Ceratognathus) Chile
       
  Lucanobium Howden & Lawrence, 1974: 1507 info  
    Lucanobium squamosum Howden & Lawrence, 1974: 1508 Venezuela
       
  Nicagus LeConte, 1861:130 info  
    Nicagus obscurus (LeConte, 1848: 86) (Ochodaeus) Eastern USA, Canada
    Nicagus occultus Paulsen & Smith, 2005: 48  Western USA: TX
         
SYNDESINAE MacLeay, 1819: 103
  Ceruchus MacLeay, 1819: 115  
    Ceruchus piceus (Weber, 1801: 84) (Lucanus) info Eastern North America
      syn. Platycerus balbi Laporte, 1840: 174  
      syn. C. virginiensis Casey, 1914: 372  
      nom. nud. Tarandus americanus Dejean, 1833: 174  
      nom. nud. C. frontosus Knoch in Burmeister, 1847: 329  
      nom. nud. C.quercicola Melsheimer in Sturm, 1843: 136  
    Ceruchus punctatus LeConte, 1869: 377 info Western USA, Canada
    Ceruchus striatus LeConte, 1859: 85 info Western USA, Canada
       
  Psilodon Perty, 1830: 53  
    syn. Hexaphyllum Gray, 1832: 536  
    Psilodon aequinoctiale (Buquet, 1840: 375) (Hexaphyllum) Colombia
       syn. H. westwoodi Hope, 1840: 11  
    Psilodon gilberti Boucher, 1993: 422 Bolivia
    Psilodon schuberti Perty, 1830: 54 Argentina, Brazil
      syn. H. brasiliense Gray, 1832: 536  
    Psilodon seguyi (Didier, 1929: 109) (Hexaphyllum) Ecuador
    Psilodon xerophilicum Martinez & Reyes-Castillo, 1985: 109 Brazil (Bahia)
       
  Sinodendron Hellwig, 1792: 391  
    Sinodendron rugosum Mannerheim, 1843: 262 Western USA, Canada
         
         
LAMPRIMINAE Macleay, 1819: 97
  Streptocerus Dejean, 1833: 174  
    Streptocerus speciosus Fairmaire, 1850: 55 Chile, Argentina
      nom. nud. S. speciosus Dejean, 1833: 174  
      syn. S. dejeani Solier, 1851:44  
      syn. S. eusticticus Philippi, 1864:316  
      syn. S. speciosus regius Kriesche, 1922:118  
         
LUCANINAE Latreille, 1804: 149
  Aegognathus Leuthner, 1883: 445  
    Aegognathus aguirei Arnaud & Bomans, 2007: 2 info Peru
    Aegognathus caledoniaensis Grossi et al., 2003: 249 Brazil
    Aegognathus confusus Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 4 Peru
    Aegognathus iridicolor Lüderwaldt, 1935: 518 Brazil
    Aegognathus leuthneri leuthneri Van der Poll, 1886: 153 info Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
    Aegognathus leuthneri damasoi Arnaud & Bomans, 2006c: 2 Peru
    Aegognathus nigrosuturalis Weinreich, 1963: 196 Ecuador
    Aegognathus similis Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 5 info Peru
    Aegognathus soulai Arnaud & Bomans, 2004: 5 info Peru
    Aegognathus spitzi Ohaus, 1929: 155 info Brazil
    Aegognathus waterhousei Leuthner, 1883: 445 info Peru
       
  Altitatiayus Weinreich, 1960: 74 info  
    Altitatiayus dulceae (Bomans & Arnaud, 2002: 6) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
    Altitatiayus godinhorum (Bomans & Arnaud, 1996: 3) (Sclerostomus)info Brazil
    Altitatiayus rotundatus (Boileau, 1902: 43) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
      syn. Sclerognathus zikani Ohaus, 1929: 158  
    Altitatiayus ruficollis (Lüderwaldt, 1931: 425) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
    Altitatiayus trifurcatus (Grossi & Racca-Filho, 2004: 1) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
       
  Andinolucanus Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 2  
    Andinolucanus inesae Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 3 Peru
     
  Apterodorcus Arrow, 1943: 139  
    Apterodorcus bacchus (Hope, in Westwood, 1845: 26) (Lucanus) Chile, Argentina
      nom. nud. Dorcus chilensis Dejean, 1833: 174  
      syn. Dorcus bipunctatus F. Philippi, 1859: 656  
    Apterodorcus tristis (Deyrolle in Parry, 1870: 95) (Sclerostomus) info Chile
         
  Auxicerus Waterhouse, 1883: 387  
    syn. Calodaemon Boileau, 1897: 248  
    Auxicerus aethiops Jakowlew, 1900: 38 info Bolivia
    Auxicerus multicolor (Boileau, 1897: 248) (Calodaemon) info Bolivia
    Auxicerus platyceps Waterhouse, 1883: 387 info Peru
       
  Brasilucanus Vulcano & Pereira, 1961: 473 info  
    Brasilucanus acomus Ratcliffe, 1984: 63 info Brazil, Peru
    Brasilucanus alvarengai Vulcano & Pereira, 1961: 475 Brazil, Guyana
       
  Caenolethrus Thomson, 1862: 411 info  
    Caenolethrus varasi (Nagel, 1932: 115) (Sclerostomus) info Chile
       
  Cantharolethrus Thomson, 1862: 411  
    Cantharolethrus azambrei Boileau, 1897: 275 (Lucanus) info Ecuador, Peru
    Cantharolethrus buckleyi Parry, 1872: 77 Ecuador
    Cantharolethrus elongatus Lacroix, 1982:23 Peru
    Cantharolethrus homoderoides Kreische, 1928: 116 Costa Rica
    Cantharolethrus luxerii luxerii (Buquet, 1843: 51) (Dorcus) info Colombia, Panama
      syn. Pholidotus reichei Hope, 1843: 95  
      syn. C. georgius Thomson, 1862: 412  
    Cantharolethrus luxerii inflexus Boileau, 1899b: 297 Costa Rica
    Cantharolethrus peruvianus Heller, 1918: 74 Bolivia, Peru
    Cantharolethrus steinheili Parry, 1875: 51 info Peru
       
  Casignetus MacLeay, 1819: 98 info  
    syn. Pholidotus MacLeay, 1819: 97, not Brisson, 1762  
    syn. Chalcimon Dalman, 1824: 1  
    Casignetus humboldti (Gyllenhal in Schönherr, 1817: 197) (Lamprima) Brazil
      syn. Pholidotus lepidosus MacLeay, 1819: 97  
      syn. C. geotrupoides MacLeay, 1819: 98  
    Casignetus lindei (Boileau, 1899b: 296) (Pholidotus) Brazil
      syn. Pholidotus lombardi Didier & Seguy, 1952: 220  
    Casignetus spixi (Perty, 1830: 54) (Chalcimon) Brazil
       
  Charagmophorus Waterhouse, 1895: 495  
    Charagmophorus lineatus eikoae Nagai, 2000: 27 Venezuela
    Charagmophorus lineatus lineatus Waterhouse, 1895: 495 Brazil
    Charagmophorus umedai Nagai, 1996: 6 Venezuela
       
  Chiasognathus Stephens, 1832: 213  
    syn. Tetropthalma Lesson, 1833: 5  
    syn. Bomansodus Chalumeau & Brochier, 1995: 20  
    syn. Carmenia Molino-Olmedo, 2001: 85  
    syn. Ramirezia Molino-Olmedo, 2001: 85  
    syn. Carmeniella Molino-Olmedo, 2003: 29  
    syn. Ramireziella Molino-Olmedo, 2003: 29  
    Chiasognathus beneshi Lacroix, 1978: 250 info Chile
    Chiasognathus grantii Stephens, 1832: 214 info Chile, Argentina
      syn. Tetropthalma chiloensis Lesson, 1833: 6  
      syn. C. affinis R. Philippi in F. Philippi, 1859: 658  
      nom. nud. C. brevidens Germain, 1911: 47  
      syn. C. pygmaeus Dallas, 1933: 74  
    Chiasognathus impubis Parry, 1870: 68 info Chile, Argentina
    Chiasognathus jousselinii Reiche, 1850: 259 info Chile, Argentina
      syn. C. mniszechii Thomson, 1862: 406  
      syn. C. schoenemanni Kriesche, 1919: 94  
    Chiasognathus latreillei Solier, 1851: 42 info Chile, Argentina
      syn. C. imberbis R. Philippi in F. Philippi, 1859: 657  
      syn. C. reichei Thomson, 1862: 407  
       
  Chileistomus Weinreich, 1960: 74 info  
    Chileistomus cucullatus (Blanchard, 1842: plate 12) (Lucanus) info Chile
      nom nud. Scortizus cornutus Thomson, 1862:399  
       
  Dorcus MacLeay, 1819:195  
    Dorcus brevis (Say, 1825: 202) (Lucanus) info Eastern North America
      syn. Dorcus caucasicus Ganglbauer, 1886: 81  
      syn. Dorcus nanus Casey, 1909: 278  
    Dorcus parallelus (Say, 1823: 248) (Lucanus) Eastern North America
      syn. Lucanus voeti Schönherr, 1817: 326  
      syn. Lucanus oblongus de Charpentier, 1825: 214  
      syn. Dorcus costatus LeConte, 1866: 35  
      syn. Dorcus carnochani Angell, 1916: 70  
       
  Incadorcus Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 3  
    Incadorcus damasoi Arnaud & Bomans, 2006c: 2 Peru
    Incadorcus michellae Arnaud & Bomans, 2006b: 2 Peru
      syn. Incadorcus kirchneri Schenk, 2006: 3  
    Incadorcus shaunai Arnaud et al., 2007: 4 Peru
    Incadorcus zugeri cuzcoensis Arnaud et al., 2007: 6 Peru
    Incadorcus zugeri zugeri Arnaud & Bomans, 2006a: 4 Peru
       
  Leptinopterus Hope, 1838: 316  
    syn. Psalicerus Dejean, 1833: 174  
    syn. Psalidostomus Burmeister, 1847: 377  
    Leptinopterus affinis Parry, 1872: 80 Brazil
      nom. nud. L. pulchellus Parry, 1864: 85  
      nom. nud. Leptinopterus nitidus ab. lepidus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 124  
    Leptinopterus asketus Grossi, 2009: 37 Brazil
    Leptinopterus assimilis Grossi, 2009: 40 Brazil
    Leptinopterus atramentarius Nagel, 1928: 275 Brazil
    Leptinopterus bicolor Lüderwaldt, 1931: 423 Brazil
    Leptinopterus burmeisteri Arrow, 1943: 135 Brazil
      syn. Psalidostomus polyodontus Burmeister, 1847: 381  
      syn. L. nigra Nagel, 1924: 401  
      syn. L. unicolor Lüderwaldt, 1935: 503  
    Leptinopterus consimilis Möllenkamp, 1900: 47 Brazil
    Leptinopterus constricticollis Heller, 1924: 63 info Brazil
    Leptinopterus elegans Jakowleff, 1900: 632 Brazil
    Leptinopterus erythrocnemus (Burmeister, 1847: 378) (Psalidostomus) Argentina, Brazil
      syn. Lucanus tibialis Klug, 1825: 431  
      syn. femoratus Thomson, 1862: 397  
    Leptinopterus femoratus (Olivier, 1789: 17) (Lucanus) info Brazil, Argentina
      nom. nud. Psalicerus erythrocnemus Dejean, 1833:174  
      nom. nud. Lucanus rufifemoratus Hope in Westwood, 1845:5  
      syn. Leptinopterus lucidus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 125  
    Leptinopterus fraternus Westwood, 1874: 359 Brazil
    Leptinopterus fryi (Parry, 1862: 112) (Psalidostomus) Brazil
    Leptinopterus gracilipes Didier, 1928: 80 Brazil
    Leptinopterus gracilis Boileau, 1899a: 196 Brazil
      nom. nud. Leptinopterus rufipes Lüderwaldt, 1930: 126  
      nom. nud. L. elegans ab. catharinensis Lüderwaldt, 1935: 490  
    Leptinopterus ibex (Billberg, 1820: 382) (Lucanus) info Brazil
      nom. nud. Psalicerus aries Dejean, 1833:174  
      syn. Lucanus sarcorhamphus Laporte, 1840: 172  
      syn. Lucanus polyodontus Hope in Westwood, 1845: 15  
      nom. nud. Lucanus complanatus Hope in Westwood, 1845:5  
      nom. nud. Lucanus wilsoni Hope in Westwood, 1845:5  
      syn. Lucanus politus Hope in Westwood,1845, 5  
    Leptinopterus inaharai Lacroix, 1982: 26 Brazil
    Leptinopterus mazama Kreische, 1926: 384 Brazil
    Leptinopterus melanarius (Hope in Westwood, 1845: 15) (Lucanus) Brazil
      syn. Lucanus funereus Hope in Westwood, 1845: 15  
      syn. Psalidostomus morio Burmeister, 1847: 379  
    Leptinopterus nigrotibialis Lüderwaldt, 1935: 506 Brazil
    Leptinopterus nitidus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 123 Brazil
    Leptinopterus paranensis Parry, 1872: 80 Brazil
    Leptinopterus pellitomarginatus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 125 Brazil
    Leptinopterus puncticollis Lüderwaldt, 1930: 123 Brazil
    Leptinopterus robustus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 127 Brazil
    Leptinopterus suturalis Lüderwaldt, 1930: 125 Brazil
    Leptinopterus tibialis (Eschscholtz, 1822: 5) (Lucanus) info Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay
      syn. L. femoratus Thomson, 1862: 397  
      nom. nud. L. ochraceus Hope MS in Gemminger & Harold, 1868: 954  
      nom. nud. L. ochropterus Hope MS in Gemminger & Harold, 1868: 954  
      nom. nud. L. ochropterus Hope MS in Boileau, 1913: 237  
      nom. nud. L. tibialis ab. fulvus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 125  
      nom. nud. L. tibialis ab. castaneus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 125  
      nom nud. L. tibialis var. bucki Lüderwaldt, 1935: 493  
      syn. L. rotundicollis Lüderwaldt, 1930: 124  
      syn. L. luederwaldti de Moraes in Lüderwaldt, 1935: 506  
    Leptinopterus vestitus Benesh, 1937: 111 Brazil
    Leptinopterus v-nigrum (Hope in Westwood, 1845: 15) (Lucanus) info Brazil
      syn. Psalidostomus triangularis Burmeister, 1847: 380  
      nom. nud. L. v-nigrum ab. immaculatus Lüderwaldt, 1930: 123  
    Leptinopterus ypirangensis Lüderwaldt, 1930: 126 Brazil
       
  Lucanus Scopoli, 1763:1  
    syn. Pseudolucanus Hope in Westwood, 1845: 30  
    syn. Hexaphyllus Mulsant, 1839: 119  
    Lucanus capreolus Linnaeus, 1763: 391 (Scarabaeus) Eastern North America
      syn. L. dama Fabricius 1775: 2  
      syn. L. trigonus Thunberg, 1806: 199  
      syn. L. muticus Thunberg, 1806: 205  
      nomen nudum, Pseudolucanus capreolus ab. muticus Benesh, 1938: 273  
    Lucanus elaphus Fabricius, 1775: 2 Eastern North America
      nom. nud. L. elaphus ab. carlengi Angell, 1916: 70  
    Lucanus mazama (LeConte, 1861: 345) (Dorcus) Western North America
      nom. nud. Pseudolucanus mazama ab. bicostatus Angell, 1916: 70  
    Lucanus placidus Say, 1825: 202 Eastern North America
      syn. L. lentus Laporte, 1840: 171  
      nom. nud. L. rupicapra Dejean, 1833: 174  
         
  Macrocrates Burmeister, 1847: 381  
    Macrocrates australis Lüderwaldt, 1934: 388 Brazil
      syn. M. bucephala Didier, 1933: 25  
    Macrocrates bucephalus (Westwood, 1845: 15) (Lucanus) Brazil
      nom. nud. Psalicerus nigripes Dejean, 1833: 174  
      syn. Lucanus longicornis Burmeister, 1848: 382  
      syn. M. rotundicollis Boileau, 1913: 237  
      syn. M. formosus Didier, 1926: 83  
         
  Metadorcinus Kreische, 1922: 126  
    syn. Beneshius Weinreich, 1960: 52  
    Metadorcinus amuelleri (Weinreich, 1963: 211) (Beneshius) Brazil
    Metadorcinus auritus Kreische, 1922: 126 Brazil
    Metadorcinus beneshi (Martínez, 1953: 43) (Sclerostomus) Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
    Metadorcinus buckleyi (Waterhouse, 1886: 497) (Sclerostomus) Ecuador
    Metadorcinus cruentus (Burmeister, 1847: 425) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
      syn. Scortizus cribratus Thomson, 1862: 429  
      syn. Sclerostomus tristis Lüderwaldt, 1935: 558  
    Metadorcinus dentifer (Möllenkamp, 1912: 301) (Scortizus) Brazil
    Metadorcinus digennaroi Arnaud et al., 2008: 4 Peru
    Metadorcinus ditomoides (Westwood, 1855: 208) (Scortizus) Brazil
    Metadorcinus lineatus (Deyrolle, 1864: 319) (Sclerostomus) Peru
    Metadorcinus neotragus (Westwood, 1855: 207) (Scortizus) Brazil
    Metadorcinus plagiatus (Burmeister, 1847: 425) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
      syn. Sclerostomus hastatus Westwood, 1855: 205  
    Metadorcinus ranki Grossi & Vaz-de-Mello, 2007: 50 Brazil
    Metadorcinus securiformis (Lüderwaldt, 1934: 389) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
    Metadorcinus signatipennis (Deyrolle, 1864: 319) (Sclerostomus) Brazil
    Metadorcinus sylviae Boucher (1993: 420) (Beneshius) Bolivia
    Metadorcinus tucumanus (Nagel, 1932: 119) (Sclerostomus) Argentina
    Metadorcinus yamauchii Arnaud et al., 2008: 4 Peru
       
  Metadorcus Parry, 1870: 88  
    syn. Colocephalaria Deyrolle, 1864: 317  
    Metadorcus ebeninus Deyrolle, 1864: 317 (Platycerus) Brazil or Peru
    Metadorcus rotundatus Parry, 1862: 112 (Psalidostomus) Brazil, Uruguay
      nom. nud. M. pachygnathus Parry, 1864: 86  
    Metadorcus rufolineatus Nagel, 1928: 257 Ecuador
       
  Onorelucanus Bartolozzi & Bomans, 1989 : 53  
    Onorelucanus aequatorianus Bartolozzi & Bomans, 1989: 55 Ecuador
    Onorelucanus boileaui (Weinreich, 1960: 81)(Sclerostomus) Peru
    Onorelucanus marujae (Arnaud et al., 2008: 5)(Sclerostomus) Peru
    Onorelucanus noguchii (Arnaud & Bomans, 2007: 3)(Sclerostomus) Peru
    Onorelucanus onorei Lacroix & Bartolozzi, 1989: 2 Ecuador
    Onorelucanus pulverosus (Westwood, 1875: 243)(Scortizus) Ecuador, Colombia?
      syn. Scortizus ismaeli Fukinuki, 2004: 32  
       
  Platyceroides Benesh, 1946: 175 info  
    Platyceroides aeneus (Van Dyke, 1928: 109) (Platycerus) Western USA
    Platyceroides agassii (LeConte, 1861: 345) (Platycerus) Western USA
      orig.comb. Platycerus agassii LeConte, 1861: 345  
      misspell. P. agassizii Parry, 1870: 114  
      syn. Platycerus parvicollis Casey, 1889: 164  
      syn. Platycerus pacificus Casey, 1889: 165  
      syn. Platycerus californicus Casey, 1885: 331  
      syn. Platycerus pygmaeus Van Dyke, 1946: 88  
      unjust. emend. P. agassizi Van Roon, 1910: 46  
   
Platyceroides laticollis (Casey, 1914: 373) (Platycerus) info
 USA: Oregon
    Platyceroides latus (Fall, 1901: 291) (Platycerus) USA: California
    Platyceroides opacus (Fall, 1906: 393) (Platycerus) info USA: California
    Platyceroides thoracicus (Casey, 1895: 154) (Platycerus) USA: California
    Platyceroides viriditinctus (Benesh, 1942: 222) (Platycerus) USA: Oregon
       
  Platyceropsis Benesh, 1946: 195 info  
    Platyceropsis keeni (Casey, 1895: 153) (Platycerus) info Western North America
      syn. Platycerus pedicellaris Möllenkamp, 1912: 302  
         
  Platycerus Geoffroy, 1762: 62 info  
    Platycerus cribripennis Van Dyke, 1928: 107 info USA: California: coastal range
    Platycerus depressus LeConte, 1850: 224 info Northeastern USA & Canada
      unavailable name, P. piceus Kirby, 1837: 141 (misidentification)  
      nom. nud. P. helopioides Dejean 1836: 194  
    Platycerus marginalis Casey, 1897: 639 info Western North America
    Platycerus oregonensis Westwood, 1844: cvi info Western North America
      syn. P. coerulescens LeConte, 1861: 351  
      syn. P. chalybaeus Casey, 1897: 639  
    Platycerus virescens (Fabricius, 1775: 817) (Lucanus) info East & Central USA, Canada
      syn. Lucanus quercus Weber, 1801: 85  
      syn. L. securidens Say, 1823: 249  
      syn. P. angustus Casey, 1909: 280  
      syn. P. iowanus Casey, 1909: 280  
      syn. P. peregrinus Casey, 1909: 280  
      nom. nud. P. scaritoides Sturm, 1843: 136  
       nom. nud. P. quercicola Knoch, 1868: 961  
       
  Pseudoscortizus Arnaud et al., 2008: 2  
    Pseudoscortizus incredibilis Arnaud et al., 2008: 3 Peru
       
  Pycnosiphorus Solier, 1851: 56  
    syn. Epipedus Solier, 1851: 49  
    syn. Calvertius Maes, 1992: 53  
    syn. Erichius Maes, 1992: 52  
    syn. Weinreichiellus Maes, 1992: 54  
    Pycnosiphorus arriguttii Weinreich, 1958: 172 Chile
    Pycnosiphorus brevicollis Benesh, 1956: 62 Chile
      nom. nud. Sclerognathus brevicollis Germain, 1911: 66  
    Pycnosiphorus calverti (Nagel, 1932: 116) (Sclerostomus) Chile
      syn. Pycnosiphorus ariasi Weinreich, 1958: 169  
    Pycnosiphorus caelatus (Blanchard, 1842: plate 12) (Lucanus) Chile, Argentina
      syn. Lucanus variolosus Hope in Westwood, 1845: 25  
    Pycnosiphorus costatus Benesh, 1956: 65 (Sclerostomus) Chile
      nom.nud. Sclerognathus costatus Germain, 1911: 66  
    Pycnosiphorus fairmairii (Parry, 1864: 61) (Sclerostomus) Chile, Argentina
    Pycnosiphorus fasciatus (Germain, 1855: 397) (Dorcus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus femoralis (Guérin-Méneville, 1839: 303) (Dorcus) Chile, Argentina
      syn. Lucanus darwinii Hope, 1841: 33  
      syn. Dorcus rufifemoralis Curtis, 1845: 456  
      syn. Lucanus rubripes Hope in Westwood, 1845: 26  
      syn. Dorcus leiocephalus Solier, 1851: 53  
      syn. Dorcus rufipes Solier, 1851: 50  
      syn. Dorcus spinolae Solier, 1851: 52  
      syn. Dorcus modestus F. Philippi, 1859: 657  
    Pycnosiphorus franzae Weinreich, 1958: 173 Chile
    Pycnosiphorus germaini Numhauser, 1985: 71 Chile
    Pycnosiphorus lessonii lessonii (Buquet, 1842: 283) (Lucanus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus lessonii marginipennis Deyrolle in Parry, 1870: 95 Chile
      syn. Pycnosiphorus pulcher Landin, 1955: 4  
    Pycnosiphorus magnificus Benesh, 1956: 60 Chile
    Pycnosiphorus mandibularis (Solier, 1851: 56) (Dorcus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus pallidocinctus (Fairmaire & Germain, 1861: 2) (Dorcus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus philippi (Westwood, 1864: 61) (Sclerostomus) Chile
      syn. Sclerostomus elongatus Deyrolle in Parry, 1870: 96  
    Pycnosiphorus rubrovittatus (Blanchard, 1842: plate 12) (Lucanus) Chile
      syn. Dorcus rouleti Solier, 1851: 53  
    Pycnosiphorus virgatus (Nagel, 1928: 290) (Sclerognathus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus vittatus (Eschscholtz, 1822: 9) (Lucanus) Chile
    Pycnosiphorus westwoodi Numhauser, 1985: 71 Chile
       
  Sclerostomulus Weinreich, 1960: 85 info  
    Sclerostomulus nitidus (Benesh, 1955: 99) (Sclerostomus) info Chile
    Sclerostomulus tuberculatus (Solier, 1851: 54) (Dorcus) info Chile
       
  Sclerostomus Burmeister, 1847: 423  
    syn. Sclerognathus Westwood, 1845: 26  
    syn. Hemicardanus Heller, 1927: 213  
    syn. Sclerostominus Weinreich, 1960: 85  
    subgenus Stomosclerus Weinreich, 1960: 82  
    Sclerostomus bartolozzii Arnaud & Bomans, 2007: 3 Peru
    Sclerostomus costatus costatus (Westwood, 1845: 27) (Sclerognathus) Argentina, Brazil
      nom. nud. Psalicerus cuniculus Dejean, 1833: 1874  
      syn. Scortizus cuniculus Thomson, 1862: 429  
      syn. Hemicardanus interruptocarinulatus Heller, 1927: 213  
    Sclerostomus damasoi Arnaud & Bomans, 2006c: 3 Peru
    Sclerostomus delislei Weinreich, 1961: 433 Brazil
    Sclerostomus gounellei (Boileau, 1899b: 299) (Scortizus) info Brazil
      syn. Sclerostomus denticulatus Lüderwaldt, 1934: 388  
    Sclerostomus koikei Arnaud et al., 2007: 5 Peru
    Sclerostomus sulcicollis (Möllenkamp, 1912: 301) (Scortizus) Argentina, Brazil
      syn. Sclerostomus costatus genalis Lüderwaldt, 1935: 541  
    Sclerostomus truncatus Lüderwaldt, 1935: 551 Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay
    Sclerostomus wendyae Arnaud & Bomans, 2006b: 3 Peru
      syn. Sclerostomus kirchneri Schenk, 2006: 1  
       
  Scortizus Westwood, 1834: 119  
    Scortizus maculatus (Klug, 1825: 432) (Lucanus) Brazil
      syn. Pholidotus irroratus Hope, 1835: 100  
    Scortizus prodigiosus Arnaud et al., 2007: 2 Peru
    Scortizus signatus Weinreich, 1963: 206 Bolivia
    Scortizus zischkai Martínez, 1957: 225 Bolivia
       
  Sphaenognathus Buquet, 1838: 104    
    nom. nud. Orthognatus Dejean, 1833: 174  
    nom. nud. Orthognathus Dejean, 1837: 193  
    syn. Chiasognathinus Didier in Didier & Séguy, 1953: 24  
    syn. Sphaenognathinus Chalumeau & Brochier, 1995: 20  
    syn. Chiasornithodus Chalumeau & Brochier, 1995: 20  
    Sphaenognathus alticollis Möllenkamp, 1912: 302 Peru, Ecuador
      syn. S. matheusi Bartolozzi, Bomans, & Onore, 1992:211  
    Sphaenognathus armatus Parry, 1872: 73 Colombia
    Sphaenognathus bellicosus Boileau, 1904: 277 Colombia
      syn. S. rehni Moxley, 1962: 199  
      syn. S. colombiensis Moxley, 1962: 202  
    Sphaenognathus bordoni Brochier & Chalumeau, 2000: 253 Colombia
    Sphaenognathus curvipes Benesh, 1948: 45 info Bolivia
    Sphaenognathus feisthamelii (Guérin-Méneville, 1838: 287) (Chiasognathus) info Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela
      syn. S. circumflexus Parry, 1874: 367  
      syn. S. canaliculatus Parry, 1874: 368  
      syn. S. boileaui Lacroix, 1969: 587  
      syn. S. villiersi Lacroix, 1969: 589  
      syn. S. subtilis Lacroix, 1987: 13  
    Sphaenognathus furumii Lacroix, 1990: 11 info Bolivia
    Sphaenognathus garleppi Boileau, 1899a: 196 Bolivia
      syn. S. manifestus Jakowleff, 1901: 176  
      syn. S. inca Kreische, 1922: 116  
      syn. S. cartereti Lacroix, 1987: 11  
    Sphaenognathus gaujoni (Oberthür, 1885: 118) (Chiasognathus) info Ecuador, Peru
      syn. S. leoni Lacroix, 1984: 7  
    Sphaenognathus giganteus Boileau, 1911: 428 info Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
    Sphaenognathus higginsi (Parry, 1876: 174) (Chiasognathus) Bolivia
    Sphaenognathus kolbei Kreische, 1919: 94 info Ecuador
      syn. S. aequatorius Kreische, 1940: 40  
      syn. S. sanchezi Bartolozzi, Bomans, & Onore, 1992: 223  
    Sphaenognathus lindenii Murray, 1857: 221 Ecuador, Venezuela
      syn. S. murrayi Thomson, 1862: 409  
    Sphaenognathus mandibularis Boileau, 1911: 426 Colombia
    Sphaenognathus metallescens DeLisle, 1967: 521 Colombia
    Sphaenognathus metallifer Bomans & Lacroix, 1972: 42 Ecuador
    Sphaenognathus monguilloni Lacroix, 1972: 47 info Peru
    Sphaenognathus nobilis Parry, 1874: 366 Venezuela
    Sphaenognathus oberon Kreische, 1922: 116 Ecuador
    Sphaenognathus peruvianus (Waterhouse, 1869: 18) (Chiasognathus) Peru, Ecuador
      syn. S. wallisi Taschenberg, 1870: 178  
    Sphaenognathus prionoides Buquet, 1838: 104 Peru, Colombia
      nom. nud. Orthognatus prionoides Dejean, 1833: 174  
      syn. S. bispinosus Didier, 1928: 11  
      syn. S. spinosus Didier, 1928: 11  
      syn. Orthognathus albofuscus Blanchard, 1842: plate 7  
      syn. S. pristis DeLisle, 1970: 91  
      syn. S. dentifer Lacroix, 1972: 33  
      syn. S. bidentatus Ádám, 1986: 15  
    Sphaenognathus pubescens Waterhouse, 1873: 110 Colombia, Venezuela
      syn. S. villosus Ádám, 1986: 16  
    Sphaenognathus rotundatus Lacroix, 1987: 12 info Venezuela
    Sphaenognathus signatus Parry, 1874: 366 Venezuela
      syn. S. praestans Jakowleff, 1901: 77  
      syn. S. hemiphanestus DeLisle, 1975: 264  
    Sphaenognathus spinifer Boileau, 1904: 284 Colombia
      syn. S. lachaumei Lacroix, 1984: 5  
    Sphaenognathus taschenbergi Parry, 1874: 368 Venezuela
      syn. S. didieri Lacroix, 1972: 37  
    Sphaenognathus xerophilus Bartolozzi & Onore, 2006 : 364 Peru
       
  Zikanius Grossi & Paulsen, 2009: 33  info  
    Zikanius aurocinctus (Boileau, 1899b: 298)(Sclerostomus) aurocinctus Brazil
      syn. Sclerostomus marginivillosus Lüderwaldt, 1935: 535  
       
       
       
       

 

REFERENCES

Benesh, B. 1960. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa, pars 8: Lucanidae. W. Junk, Gravenhage, Netherlands. 178 pp.

Didier, R. and E. Séguy. 1953. Catalogue illustré des lucanides du globe, Texte. Encyclopédie Entomologique (series A) 27: 1-223.

Grossi, P.C., and M.J. Paulsen. 2009. Generic limits in South American stag beetles: taxa currently misplaced in Sclerostomus Burmeister (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae: Sclerostomini). Zootaxa 2139: 23-42.

Holloway, B.A. 1960. Taxonomy and phylogeny in the Lucanidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Records of the Dominion Museum 3: 321-365.

Holloway, B.A. 1968. The relationship of Syndesus MacLeay and Sinodendron Schneider (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). New Zealand Journal of Science 11: 264-269.

Holloway, B.A. 1969. Further studies on generic relationships in Lucanidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) with special reference to the ocular canthus. New Zealand Journal of Science 12: 958-977.

Holloway, B.A. 1997. Elytral surface structures as indicators of relationships in stag beetles, with special reference to the New Zealand species (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 24: 47-64.

Holloway, B.A. 1998. A re-evaluation of the genera of New Zealand aesaline stag beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 28: 641-656.

Howden, H. and Lawrence, J.H. 1974. The New World Aesalinae, with notes on the North American lucanid subfamilies (Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 52: 1505-1510.

Kikuta, T. 1986. On the higher taxa of the stag beetle family Lucanidae, pp. 131-138. In: J. Aoki (editor). Papers on Entomology Presented to Professor Takeshiko Nakane in Commemoration of His Retirement. Japanese Society of Coleopterology, Tokyo. 277 pp.

Krajcik, M. 2001. Lucanidae of the World, Catalogue – Part 1, Checklist of the stag beetles of the world (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). M. Krajcik, Most, Czech Republic. 108 pp.

Lawrence, J.F. and E.B. Britton. 1991. Coleoptera (Beetles). pp. 543-683. In: I. Naumann, (editor). The Insects of Australia. A Textbook for Students and Research Workers, 2nd Edition Vol. II. (CSIRO) Melbourne University Press, Melbourne. 1137 pp.

Mizumuma, T. and S. Nagai. 1994. The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha, Tokyo. 337 pp.

Triplehorn, C.A. & N.F. Johnson. 2005. Borror and DeLong's Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th edition. Thomson Brooks/Cole, Belmont, CA. 864 pp.

White, R.E. 1983. A Field Guide to the Beetles of North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA. 368 pp
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Author: M.J. Paulsen - mpaulsen@unlserve.unl.edu
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